Knowledge base
Glossary
The terms used in the report, the app, the CLI and these docs. Where a configuration key or JSON field keeps an older name, the entry says so.
- Tier Zero
The objects that control the whole domain (domain controllers, Domain Admins, krbtgt, the AD CS servers and the GPOs above them); add more with
tier_zero = [...].- Privilege Zone
A set of objects you protect the way Pathwarden protects Tier Zero; see Configuring Privilege Zones.
- Attack path
A chain of relationships that lets whoever controls the first object take over the last.
- Account
A user or a computer, the things that start an attack path; an object is anything in Tier Zero or a zone.
- Accounts with an attack path to Tier Zero
The headline count: enabled users and computers outside Tier Zero that can reach it.
- Tier Zero exposure
The share of active users and computers outside Tier Zero (logged on within
stale_days, or with a path) that have an attack path to it.- Tier Zero protected
The Tier Zero objects no open attack path finding leads to, as a count and a percentage ("53 of 59 objects (89.83%)"); Protected in a zone's row; the JSON key is still
protection_score.- Tier Zero status
Critical, High, Moderate or Low, from the attack paths and open findings; never a score or a grade (how it works).
- Status reason
The one line that says why Tier Zero has its status, such as "2 critical findings are open".
- Rule
One check, such as PW-004; there are 38 (Rules reference).
- Finding
One problem a rule found, with a severity, a category, an explanation and a fix.
- Finding ID
A finding's stable identifier (
PW-004-13b08f...), the same in every run while the problem exists; some JSON fields call it the fingerprint.- Category
Attack Path (a route to Tier Zero or a zone) or Hygiene (a weakness that is not a path on its own).
- Severity
A finding's Critical, High, Medium, Low or Info; attack paths are rated by exposure, with a floor of High for direct control of the domain.
- Remediation path
The smallest set of changes that leaves no attack path to Tier Zero (a minimum cut);
pathwarden plan --zoneworks one out for a zone.- Plan step
One change in the remediation path, with the findings it closes and the attack paths it cuts.
- Fix directly
A finding no plan step closes or cuts, such as a hygiene finding; it needs its own fix.
- Choke point
One relationship that many attack paths cross (
pathwarden choke-points).- Accepted risk
A finding you keep, with a reason and an optional Review by date; it isn't counted until that date (configuration
[[suppress]]withexpires, JSONsuppressed).- Environment
A set of domains with its own settings, run history and schedule, such as Demo (
--env NAME).- Workspace
The app's data folder on this computer; it is never encrypted.
- Run
The result of one analysis.
- Run ID
A run's ID in the run history, the time it started in UTC (
20261009T021000.042Z).- Run history
An environment's runs, kept in a folder or a git repository, optionally encrypted; it keeps Numbers with names (the default) or Full runs and settings (configuration
[state], option--state).- Sync
Bringing a shared run history up to date in both directions (Sync now).
- Quick collection
The built-in collector's default: the directory only, from a domain controller (
--scope dc-only).- Full collection
A collection that also reads sessions and local groups from every computer (
--scope all).- Collection completeness
The share of active computers whose sessions and local groups were collected; Not targeted means they weren't asked for.
- Explore
The app's page for looking around a run;
reach,search,zones suggestandquerydo the same on the command line.- Demo
The synthetic company built in, SCALE.LOCAL, with 10,000 computers and 15,000 users (
-i demo:).- New, open, back, fixed
How a finding changed since the last run (JSON
regressedfor back,resolvedfor fixed).- Since the last run
What changed between the latest run and the one before it, one line per change.
- Introduced
Net new over a period: new and back findings, findings that gained objects, new members and new paths.
- First seen
The date of the run that first found a finding, object, member or path.
- New member
An object that joined Tier Zero or a zone.
- New path
A relationship into Tier Zero or a zone from outside it that wasn't there in the run before.
- Can't tell
Pathwarden can't say whether a finding is fixed because its domain or source wasn't collected, so it stays open (JSON
held).- Retest
Checking chosen findings again with a fresh collection; each gets Fixed, Still open or Can't tell.
- Evidence pack
A signed zip for an auditor that shows a finding was fixed (Evidence packs for auditors).
- Key fingerprint
A short hash of the evidence signing key (
SHA256:NSrf...) that an auditor checks a pack against.- OpenGraph
BloodHound's file format for other collectors' data (OpenGraph data (TaskHound, MSSQLHound, ...)).
- Mapping pack
The reviewed rules that say what an OpenGraph source's relationships mean to the analysis.
- Kind
The type of an object or relationship, such as
UserorMemberOf.